veterans with a dsm-iv diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder

between 25 and 65 years of age

estimated premorbid iq > 70 (based on reading ability)

understand spoken english sufficiently to comprehend the consent form

clinically stable (i.e., no inpatient hospitalization in the 3 months, no changes in psychiatric medications in the 6 weeks, and no changes in housing in the 2 months, prior to enrollment)

documented history of mental retardation or severe learning disability

clinically significant neurological disease as determined by medical history (e.g., epilepsy, stroke)

history of serious head injury with loss of consciousness greater than 1 hour and concomitant neuropsychological sequelae

meeting dsm-iv criteria for drug or alcohol dependence during the 6 months, or abuse during the month preceding study enrollment