1. Age in years > 55 years

2. WBC count > 16000 cells/mm3

3. Blood glucose > 11 mmol/L (> 200 mg/dL)

4. Serum AST > 250 IU/L

5. Serum LDH > 350 IU/L

1. Serum calcium < 2.0 mmol/L (< 8.0 mg/dL)

2. Hematocrit fall > 10%

3. Oxygen (hypoxemia PaO2 < 60 mmHg)

4. BUN increased by 1.8 or more mmol/L (5 or more mg/dL) after IV fluid hydration

5. Base deficit (negative base excess) > 4 mEq/L

6. Sequestration of fluids > 6 L

Ranson score