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A Person Having Origins In Any Of The Original Peoples Of Europe, The Middle East, Or North Africa. (White)

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A Person Having Origins In Any Of The Black Racial Groups Of Africa. Terms Such As "haitian" Or "negro" Can Be Used In Addition To "black Or African American." (Black)

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A Person Having Origins In Any Of The Original Peoples Of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, Or Other Pacific Islands (Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander)

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A Person Having Origins In Any Of The Original Peoples Of The Far East, Southeast Asia, Or The Indian Subcontinent Including, For Example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, The Philippine Islands, Thailand, And Vietnam. (Asian)

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A Person Having Origins In Any Of The Original Peoples Of North And South America (including Central America), And Who Maintains Tribal Affiliation Or Community Attachment (American Indian or Alaska Native)

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Patient Is Unsure Of Their Race (Unknown)

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Private Insurance (Private Insurance)

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Medicare (Medicare)

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Medicare And Private Insurance (Medicare & Private)

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Medicaid (Medicaid)

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Medicaid And Medicare (Medicaid & Medicare)

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Other (Other)

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Military Or Veterans Sponsored Nos (Military or Veterans Sponsored NOS)

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Military Sponsored (including Champus & Tricare) (Military Sponsored)

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Veterans Sponsored (Veterans Sponsored)

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Self Pay (no Insurance) (Self pay)

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No Means Of Payment (no Insurance) (No means of payment)

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Unknown (Unknown)

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A Person Of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central Or South American Or Other Spanish Culture Or Origin, Regardless Of Race (Hispanic or Latino)

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A Person Not Meeting The Definition For Hispanic Or Latino. (Non-Hispanic)

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Patient Is Unsure Of Their Ethnicity (Unknown)

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Fully active, able to carry on all pre-disease performance without restriction (Fully active, able to carry on all pre-disease performance without restriction)

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Restricted in physically strenous activity but ambulatory (Restricted in physically strenous activity but ambulatory)

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Ambulatory and capable of all selfcare but unable to carry out any work activities (Ambulatory and capable of all selfcare but unable to carry out any work activities)

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Capable of only limited selfcare, confined to bed or chair more than 50% of waking hours (Capable of only limited selfcare, confined to bed or chair more than 50% of waking hours)

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Completely disabled (Completely disabled)

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Female Gender (FEMALE)

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Male Gender (MALE)

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Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy (Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy)

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Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy (Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy)

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Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy (Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy)

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Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy (Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy)

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Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy (Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy)

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Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy (Proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy)

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Negative (negative)

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Suspicious (Suspicious)

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Positive (Positive)

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Negative (negative)

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Suspicious (Suspicious)

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Positive (Positive)

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Negative (negative)

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Suspicious (Suspicious)

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Positive (Positive)

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Ct/combined Pet/ct (CT/Combined PET/CT)

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

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Ultrasound (Ultrasound)

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Other Reason (Other reason)

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Patient Does Not Speak English, French, Or Spanish (Patient does not speak English, French, or Spanish)

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Patient Refused (Patient refused)

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Yes (Yes, Specify)

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No (No)

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No Evidence Of Primary Tumor (T0)

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Tumor Invades Submucosa (T1)

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Tumor Invades Muscularis Propria (T2)

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Tumor Invades Through The Muscularis Propria Into The Subserosa, Or Into Nonperitonealized Pericolic Or Perirectal Tissues (T3)

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Tumor Directly Invades Other Organs Or Structures, And/or Perforates Visceral Peritoneum (T4)

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Carcinoma In Situ: Intraepithelial Or Invasion Of Lamina Propria (Tis)

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Primary Tumor Cannot Be Assessed (TX)

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Sphincter Saving Surgery (SPHINCTER SAVING SURGERY)

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Non-sphincter Saving Surgery (NON-SPHINCTER SAVING SURGERY)

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Does The Patient Have A Tumor That Is Clinically Stage Ii Or Iii And A Diagnosis Of Adenocarcinoma Of The Rectum Obtained By A Biopsy Technique Which Leaves The Major Portion Of The Tumor Intact (Does the patient have a tumor that is clinically Stage II or III and a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the rectum obtained by a biopsy technique which leaves the major portion of the tumor intact)

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Does The Patient Have Clinically Significant Peripheral Neuropathy At The Time Of Randomization (defined In The Ctcae V3.0 As Grade 2 Or Greater Neurosensory Or Neuromotor Toxicity) (Does the patient have clinically significant peripheral neuropathy at the time of randomization (defined in the CTCAE v3.0 as grade 2 or greater neurosensory or neuromotor toxicity))

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Does The Patient Have Ischemic Heart Disease (class Iii Or Class Iv Myocardial Disease - New York Heart Association), Uncontrolled Hypertension, Symptomatic Arrhythmia Or A History Of Myocardial Infarction Within The Past 6 Months (Does the patient have ischemic heart disease (class III or class IV myocardial disease - New York Heart Association), uncontrolled hypertension, symptomatic arrhythmia or a history of myocardial infarction within the past 6 months)

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Does The Patient Have Psychiatric Or Addictive Disorders That Would Preclude Obtaining Informed Consent (Does the patient have psychiatric or addictive disorders that would preclude obtaining informed consent)

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Does The Patient Have Synchronous Colon Cancer (Does the patient have synchronous colon cancer)

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Does The Patient Meet All Other Eligibility Criteria (Does the patient meet all other eligibility criteria)

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Does The Surgeon Consider The Tumor To Be Amenable To Curative Resection (Does the surgeon consider the tumor to be amenable to curative resection)

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Has The Patient Authorized The Release Of Protected Health Information To The Nsabp (Has the patient authorized the release of Protected Health Information to the NSABP)

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Has The Patient Consented To Participate In This Study And Signed And Dated An Approved Consent Form (Has the patient consented to participate in this study and signed and dated an approved consent form)

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Has The Patient Had A Prior Invasive Rectal Malignancy (regardless Of The Disease-free Interval) (Has the patient had a prior invasive rectal malignancy (regardless of the disease-free interval))

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Has The Patient Had Any Prior Malignancies In The Past 5 Years Other Than Squamous Or Basal Cell Carcinoma Of The Skin, Melanoma In Situ, Carcinoma In Situ Of The Cervix , Or Carcinoma In Situ Of The Colon Or Rectum That Have Been Effectively Treated (Has the patient had any prior malignancies in the past 5 years other than squamous or basal cell carcinoma of the skin, melanoma in situ, carcinoma in situ of the cervix , or carcinoma in situ of the colon or rectum that have been effectively treated)

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Is The Distal Border Of The Tumor Located Less Than 12 Cm From The Anal Verge (Is the distal border of the tumor located less than 12 cm from the anal verge)

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Has The Patient Received Any Therapy For This Cancer Prior To Randomization Or Had Prior Pelvic Radiation For Any Reason (Has the patient received any therapy for this cancer prior to randomization or had prior pelvic radiation for any reason)