*Case Definition*: individuals with end stage renal disease (ESRD; defined as those requiring renal replacement therapy or having received a kidney transplant) or persistent proteinuria (>0.5 g/24 hr) developing more than 10 years after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. 903 individuals formed the case group.

*Controls Definition*: individuals with absence of DN, defined as persistent normoalbuminuria (2 out of 3 albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) measurements <20 µg of albumin/mg of creatinine) despite duration of T1D for at least 15 years, not taking an antihypertensive medication, and having no history of treatment with ACE inhibitors; 1,001 individuals formed the control group.

Additionally, the following variables and covariates were utilized in the analyses in the study and are provided to ensure consistency of findings for dbGaP users with original analyses: Age Age of subject at recruitment, missing value set to -9 AgeDX Age Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes, missing value set to -9 BMI Body Mass Index at recruitment, missing values set to -9 Bsite_1 Biochemical site, 0=other, 1=Birmingham (dummy coding) Bsite_2 Biochemical site, 0=other, 1=Dublin (dummy coding) Note: The third site, Belfast, is denoted by Bsite_1=0 and Bsite_2=0 DurT1D Subject's duration of Type 1 Diabetes in years, missing value set to -9 ESRD ESRD status, 1=control, 2=case, missing value set to -9 HBA1C Hemoglobin A1c value at recruitment, missing value set to -9 Kidney DN status, 1=control, 2=case, missing value set to -9 LIPID Lipid lowering drug at recruitment, 0=no, 1=yes, missing value set to -9 Sex Subject's sex, 1=male, 2=female, missing values set to -9 Cohort Cohort identifier variable: "All_Ireland" and "UKGoKinD"