Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.1
Item
*Case inclusion criteria:*
boolean
C1512693 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.2
Item
Age ≥ 40 years old.
boolean
C0001779 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.3
Item
European-derived Caucasian or Hispanic Caucasian.
boolean
C0221786 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0019576 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.4
Item
Slit lamp exam findings did not reveal secondary causes for elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Specifically cases showed no signs of exfoliation syndrome, pigment dispersion syndrome, uveitis or trauma on slit lamp examination when the diagnosis of POAG was made. Subsequent discovery of these signs after a diagnosis of POAG was made does not exclude a subject.
boolean
C0419360 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0234708 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C0175668 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C0206368 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C1271398 (UMLS CUI [1,6])
C0042164 (UMLS CUI [1,7])
C3714660 (UMLS CUI [1,8])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C0680251 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C0011900 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C0332282 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
C0011900 (UMLS CUI [2,5])
C0234708 (UMLS CUI [2,6])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.5
Item
For cases, the filtration apparatus was open to the filtering portion of the trabecular meshwork for at least 180 degrees. Alternatively, there was evidence that the pupils were pharmacologically dilated without an elevation of IOP.
boolean
C0681850 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0016107 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C1947951 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C0175566 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C2070141 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C2070126 (UMLS CUI [1,6])
C3887511 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C0205464 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C0026961 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C0332288 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
C0234708 (UMLS CUI [2,5])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.6
Item
There was visual field (VF) loss (on reliable VFs) consistent with nerve fiber layer loss. A reliable and abnormal VF consistent with glaucoma was defined according tothe following considerations: <ol type="a">
boolean
C3887875 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0332290 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C1517945 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C1720466 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C3858758 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C0205161 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C0042826 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C0332290 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
C0017601 (UMLS CUI [2,5])
C1704788 (UMLS CUI [2,6])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.7
Item
A reliable visual field was defined by fixation loss ≤ 33%, false positive rate ≤ 20% and false negative rate ≤ 20%.
boolean
C1704788 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C3858758 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0042826 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.8
Item
For automated perimetry there was no requirement for the type of perimeter used except that the perimeter must have an age-matched controlled database that allows for the equivalent of a total deviation and pattern deviation plot. Thus Dicon and Octopus perimetry data were acceptable.
boolean
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C3697854 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0182215 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C0332300 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C0242356 (UMLS CUI [1,6])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.9
Item
Goldmann visual fields (GVFs) were acceptable unless the perimetrist regarded the test as unreliable.
boolean
C2070119 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C1879533 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0332300 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C0750591 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C0456984 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C0749770 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.10
Item
The VF defect must be regarded as consistent with nerve fiber layer loss (loss not consistent with choroidal-retinal pathology, chiasmal disease or post-chiasmal lesions).
boolean
C3887875 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0332290 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C1720466 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C1517945 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.11
Item
The VFs were graded in a standardized manner using the pattern deviation plot.
boolean
C0042826 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C1273712 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C1720055 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.12
Item
For automated VFs, the pattern deviation plot or its equivalent was stratified into superior and inferior paracentral, nasal step, Bjerrum area and temporal wedge regions. A cluster of 3 or more point that were -5dB reduced from normal constitute the minimal change consistent with nerve fiber layer pathology. In the superior Bjerrum area, the superior-most points were disregarded because they could be influenced by the lid position. Each VF was graded on a Glaucoma VF Review Sheet.
boolean
C0205554 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0042826 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C1514983 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C1720055 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C0271197 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C4699227 (UMLS CUI [1,6])
C0271200 (UMLS CUI [1,7])
C0230007 (UMLS CUI [1,8])
C1704332 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C0392756 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C0205451 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C0439497 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
C0332290 (UMLS CUI [2,5])
C1720466 (UMLS CUI [2,6])
C0030664 (UMLS CUI [2,7])
C0430869 (UMLS CUI [3,1])
C0332196 (UMLS CUI [3,2])
C1282910 (UMLS CUI [3,3])
C0205146 (UMLS CUI [3,4])
C4054723 (UMLS CUI [3,5])
C0015426 (UMLS CUI [3,6])
C0042826 (UMLS CUI [4,1])
C0441800 (UMLS CUI [4,2])
C0017601 (UMLS CUI [4,3])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.13
Item
The VF loss was not explained by choroidal-retinal disease mimicking nerve fiber layer loss (such as retinitis pigmentosa) or other optic nerve disease (such as optic nerve drusen or ischemic optic neuropathy).
boolean
C0680251 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C3887875 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0008521 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C0035309 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C0205394 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C0029132 (UMLS CUI [1,6])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.14
Item
For GVFs, the investigator stratified the field into similar regions to assess whether the VF contained defects consistent with NFL loss.
boolean
C1514983 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C3887875 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0332290 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C1720466 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C1517945 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.15
Item
If the patient had other reasons to have VF loss, such as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), then only the segment of the pattern deviation plot that was not affected by the CVA was used to determine whether the participant met criterion for a case.
boolean
C3887875 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0392360 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0007820 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C0220825 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C0205146 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C1720055 (UMLS CUI [1,6])
C4489377 (UMLS CUI [1,7])
C0678226 (UMLS CUI [1,8])
C0007820 (UMLS CUI [1,9])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.16
Item
The VF loss was reproduced on a subsequent reliable VF in the same region. For example, if the 1st VF shows a superior nasal step, then the subsequent VF must also showed a superior nasal step. In the GEP, in lieu of a subsequent VF, the cup to dic ratio (CDR) could be used for confirmation if the CDR was greater than or equal to 0.7 in the eye showing loss. When multiple VFs were available and the latest available VF did not show minimal criteria for a NFL defect then the patient was excluded as a POAG case.
boolean
C3887875 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C2367557 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C2367557 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C0423471 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C0521091 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
C0680251 (UMLS CUI [3,1])
C2367557 (UMLS CUI [3,2])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [3,3])
C3887875 (UMLS CUI [3,4])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.17
Item
Cases in GEP all had less than 8 diopters of myopia. There was no refractive error inclusion/exclusion criterion for cases in NHS and HPFS.
boolean
C1512693 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0439092 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0205454 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C0439484 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C0027092 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C1512693 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C0680251 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C0034951 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.18
Item
*Control inclusion criteria:*
boolean
C1512693 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.19
Item
Age ≥ 40 years old.
boolean
C0001779 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.20
Item
European-derived Caucasian or Hispanic Caucasian.
boolean
C0221786 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0019576 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0043157 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.21
Item
Because the study also aimed for the discovery of gene environment interactions in POAG, controls from NHS and HPFS (where extensive environmental exposure data was available) were allowed to have a family history of glaucoma in 1st degree relatives (parent, sibling or child) or 2nd degree relatives (aunts, uncles, and cousins). Controls from GEP with a family history of glaucoma in 1st degree relatives were excluded, but they could have a 2nd degree relative with glaucoma.
boolean
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0470187 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0014412 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C1511726 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C1517194 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C1519210 (UMLS CUI [1,6])
C0522476 (UMLS CUI [1,7])
C0017601 (UMLS CUI [1,8])
C1512693 (UMLS CUI [1,9])
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C0470187 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C0014412 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
C1511726 (UMLS CUI [2,5])
C1517194 (UMLS CUI [2,6])
C1519210 (UMLS CUI [2,7])
C0522476 (UMLS CUI [2,8])
C0017601 (UMLS CUI [2,9])
C0680251 (UMLS CUI [2,10])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.22
Item
There were no specific criteria for exclusion based on refractive status for participants in the NHS and HPFS. In the GEP, participants with more than 8 diopters of myopia were excluded.
boolean
C0680251 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0470187 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C0014412 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C1511726 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C0205172 (UMLS CUI [1,6])
C0205454 (UMLS CUI [1,7])
C0439484 (UMLS CUI [1,8])
C0027092 (UMLS CUI [1,9])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.23
Item
For controls in GEP, it was required that slit lamp exam findings did not reveal a secondary cause for elevated intraocular pressure. Specifically, there were no signs of exfoliation syndrome, pigment dispersion syndrome, uveitis or ocular trauma on slit lamp examination. Controls in NHS and HPFS did not report a diagnosis of glaucoma or IOP > 25 mm Hg in either eye in the biennial questionnaires (but there is a remote possibility that some participants had slit lamp signs of pigment dispersion syndrome, exfoliation syndrome, uveitis or prior ocular trauma as these were not assessed in the biennial questionnaires).
boolean
C1512693 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C5394538 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C0175668 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C0206368 (UMLS CUI [1,6])
C1271398 (UMLS CUI [1,7])
C0042164 (UMLS CUI [1,8])
C3714660 (UMLS CUI [1,9])
C1512693 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C0034394 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
C2700446 (UMLS CUI [2,5])
C5394538 (UMLS CUI [2,6])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.24
Item
For controls in GEP, slit lamp exam showed > 0.25 for the corneal thickness anterior chamber depth at the peripheral cornea with the van Herick technique. Subjects with shallower anterior chamber depth with the van Herick technique had gonioscopy showing the filtration apparatus to be open to the filtering portion of the trabecular meshwork for at least 180 degrees. For controls in NHS and HPFS, there was no exclusion criterion on the basis of anterior chamber depth.
boolean
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C1512693 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0429492 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C4698035 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C0018071 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C0016107 (UMLS CUI [1,6])
C1947951 (UMLS CUI [1,7])
C0175566 (UMLS CUI [1,8])
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C0680251 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C0429492 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.25
Item
For controls in GEP, participants with IOP > 21 mm Hg in either eye by applanation tonometry were excluded. In NHS and HPFS, only controls who denied a report that they were aware of an IOP > 25 mm Hg in either eye were included; otherwise, there was no exclusion criterion on the basis of IOP.
boolean
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0680251 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0234708 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C0430862 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C1512693 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C2700446 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
C0234708 (UMLS CUI [2,5])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.26
Item
For controls in GEP, the CDR was less than 0.7 in both eyes and the CDR asymmetry was less than 0.2 on fundus examination of the optic nerve. In NHS and HPFS, there was no inclusion/exclusion criterion on the basis of optic nerve appearance.
boolean
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0423471 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0205216 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C0332514 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C1444586 (UMLS CUI [1,5])
C0009932 (UMLS CUI [2,1])
C1298908 (UMLS CUI [2,2])
C1512693 (UMLS CUI [2,3])
C0680251 (UMLS CUI [2,4])
C0029130 (UMLS CUI [2,5])
C0700364 (UMLS CUI [2,6])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.27
Item
*Exclusions in cases and controls:*
boolean
C0680251 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.28
Item
People of Asian or African decent were excluded.
boolean
C0027567 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0003988 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.29
Item
People under the age of 40 years old were excluded.
boolean
C0001779 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.30
Item
Potential cases in whom the most recent available VF is reliable and normal in both eyes were excluded; these were ineligible regardless of prior VF findings and regardless of the disc appearance.
boolean
C0332185 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0042826 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0205307 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.31
Item
Patients with significant retinal vascular disease (such as retinal venous occlusive disease or proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated with pan-retinal photocoagulation) that could produce VF defects were excluded.
boolean
C0680251 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0750502 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0154833 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C3887875 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.32
Item
Note #1. There were no exclusions for IOP among POAG cases because POAG occurs across the entire spectrum of IOP (A World Glaucoma Society consensus statement, ARVO 2007). Cases of "normal tension glaucoma" will be analyzed together with "high tension" open-angle glaucoma as there is no epidemiologic evidence that clearly separates these two populations.
boolean
C3842396 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0152136 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0017612 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
Elig.phs000308.v1.p1.33
Item
Note #2. There is a wide spectrum of CDRs associated glaucomatous optic neuropathy owing to the variation in disc size and shape that exists in the population. Thus, there were no *a priori* disc structural criteria for POAG if there were no supporting VF data.
boolean
C0029127 (UMLS CUI [1,1])
C0243161 (UMLS CUI [1,2])
C0332288 (UMLS CUI [1,3])
C0042826 (UMLS CUI [1,4])
C1511726 (UMLS CUI [1,5])