Cases and controls for each of the relevant phenotypes were initially selected using electronic case definition algorithms (CDA's) for CAD, CKD, hypertension (created by IPM e-phenotyping team) and T2DM and lipids (modified from eMERGE phase I CDA's) applied to the IPM Biobank. Age filters were applied: (cases <66; controls >59). This was followed by expert physician review of every case/control classification. As such, every case and every control in our sample has been validated by an expert physician reviewer. Population distributions in both cases and controls are consistent with those of our Biobank and as such, of our local population (AA~25%, EA~25%, HL~40%).