Exclusion Criteria
Significant diseases other than COPD such as history of life-threatening pulmonary obstruction, thoracotomy with pulmonary resection, interstitial lung disease, CF, pulmonary thromboembolic disease, clinically evident bronchiectasis, active tuberculosis, or known moderate to severe renal impairment
boolean
Clinical history of asthma
boolean
Use of supplemental oxygen therapy
boolean
Respiratory tract infection or COPD exacerbation in the 6 weeks prior to Visit 1 or during the washout period prior to Visit 3 (may randomize 6 weeks after recovery)
boolean
Recent history (<= 12 months) of myocardial infarction
boolean
Unstable or life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia
boolean
Malignancy treated with radiation therapy or chemotherapy in the last 5 years
boolean
Pregnant or nursing women
boolean
Known hypersensitivity to anticholinergic drugs or any component of the study medications
boolean
Participation in pulmonary or cardiac rehab program within 13 weeks of Visit 1
boolean
Estimated life expectancy < 2 years
boolean
Symptomatic prostatic hyperplasia or bladder neck obstruction
boolean
Known narrow-angle glaucoma
boolean
Any condition that is contraindicated for exercise
boolean
Orthopaedic, muscular, neurological or cardiac disease that would interfere with regular participation in aerobic exercise or with exercise testing
boolean
Body mass index < 18 kg/m2 or >35 kg/m2 list truncated for space
boolean