agreement signed by the patient

diagnosis of hcc confirmed

diagnosis of liver disease (score f3 or f4) confirmed

indication of surgical resection confirmed and validated by a specialist multidisciplinary assessment meeting of gastrointestinal oncology

patient operable (no indication against anaesthesiological)

resectable tumor lesion (surgical expertise)

laboratory tests and endoscopy: no suspicion of severe portal hypertension with bleeding risk

patient not willing, at risk of default of compliance, or patient can not be monitored regularly

antibiotic extended or terminated for less than 1 month, may limit the effects of taking probiotics.

inflammatory bowel disease, which could skew the results expected by taking probiotics results.